EMERGING INTERNET OF THINGS (IoT), ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ICT APPLICATIONS IN FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE: A REVIEW
Authors
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Solomon, S. G.
Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria
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Ikpah, R. G.
Department of Water Resources, Aquaculture and Fisheries Technology, Federal University of Technology Minna, Nigeria
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Tata G. W.
Department of Water Resources, Aquaculture and Fisheries Technology, Federal University of Technology Minna, Nigeria
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Uruku, A. A.
Department of Water Resources, Aquaculture and Fisheries Technology, Federal University of Technology Minna, Nigeria
Abstract
The accelerating global demand for aquatic products is transforming fisheries and aquaculture, prompting a shift from traditional practices to technology-driven systems. This desk study investigates the integration of emerging information technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, geographic information systems (GIS), and big data into aquaculture operations, with a focus on sustainability, productivity, and traceability. Drawing on case studies from both developed and developing regions, it examines how these tools support real-time environmental monitoring, optimise feeding regimes, strengthen disease surveillance, and improve supply chain transparency. GIS is highlighted for its role in site selection and biodiversity conservation, while blockchain demonstrates potential in ensuring product authenticity and regulatory compliance. These innovations offer substantial opportunities for enhancing operational efficiency, reducing environmental impacts, and improving market competitiveness. However, their adoption is hindered by high capital costs, limited digital literacy, and infrastructural constraints, particularly in resource-limited contexts. To address these barriers, the paper proposes strategic measures combining policy incentives, capacity-building programs, and public-private partnerships to promote inclusive and equitable digital transformation in aquaculture. Ultimately, the fusion of advanced information technologies with aquaculture practices is essential not only for meeting future global food security targets but also for creating resilient, transparent, and environmentally responsible aquatic food systems.
Keywords: Technology-driven Systems, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Operational Efficiency