Bio-Pesticidal Potentials of Elaeis Guineensis l. Kernel Oil Against Cowpea Bruchid Callosobruchus Maculatus (fab.) on Stored Cowpea Vigna Unguiculata l. (walp) Seeds
Authors
-
Maza, B.
Department of Crop protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Modibbo Adama University, PMB 2076, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeri
-
Abdullahi, G.
Department of Crop protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Modibbo Adama University, PMB 2076, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeri
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-0510
-
Medugu, M. A.
Department of Crop protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Modibbo Adama University, PMB 2076, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeri
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7233-6879
-
Aliyu, A. S.
Department of Crop protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Modibbo Adama University, PMB 2076, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeri
Abstract
The cowpea bruchids Callosobruchus maculatus L is the most dev-astating postharvest insect pest, which attacks cowpea both in thefield and store leading to significant economic losses. Laboratoryexperiments were conducted to determine the insecticidal effectsof Elias guineensis kernel oil at five different application ratesagainst Callosobruchus maculatus on cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)seeds. Callosobruchus maculatus adult mortality, F1 progeny emer-gence, as well as the percentage (%) insect damage seeds, per-centage weight loss, beetles perforation index and seed viabilityof cowpea seeds were assessed. The result revealed that sampletreated with 0.8 ml /100g recorded the highest mortality rate of66.67%, the least (8.33%) was recorded on the control. The ovi-position was highest in the control with the mean of 2905.67 eggswhile the least was on sample treated with 0.8 ml /100g with themean of 122.33 eggs. The highest weight loss (24.27%) was re-corded on the control while the least (1.00%) was recorded onsample treated with 0.8 ml /100g. The highest insect damaged seeds(64.25%) were recorded on the control while the least (3.03%)was recorded on sample treated with 0.8 ml of oil /100g. F1 prog-eny emergence was highest in the control (305.00) and the least(11.00) was on sample treated with 0.8 ml/100 g. Germination washighest (100%) in the control while the least (20%) was on sampletreated with 0.8 ml /100g. It was concluded that E. guineensis ker-nel oil is effective in reducing the attack and other negative ef-fects of C. maculatus on stored cowpea seed and can be used as asafer alternative to toxic insecticides in the protection of cowpeaseeds against this beetle.
Keywords: Perforation, mortality, seed damage, weight loss, oviposition, progeny